This Topic Covers the Following Topics.

1. Overview of Five-Year Plans in India:
   • Introduction to Five-Year Plans and their objectives (growth, modernization, self-reliance, social justice).
2. Detailed Analysis of Each Five-Year Plan:
   • Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990):
     • Focus on rapid foodgrain production, employment creation, and productivity.
     • Introduction of Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) and reorientation of existing programs.
   • Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992-1997):
     • Delay in implementation due to political instability.
     • Introduction of liberalization, privatization, and macroeconomic stabilization policies.
     • Market-based reforms and emphasis on cooperative federalism.
   • Ninth Five-Year Plan (1997-2002):
     • Focus on high growth rate, social objectives, and Basic Minimum Services (BMS).
     • Emphasis on fiscal consolidation, revenue deficit reduction, and decentralization.
   • Tenth Five-Year Plan (2002-2007):
     • Introduction of monitorable targets for development indicators.
     • Governance as a development factor, involvement of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), and emphasis on agriculture as a prime moving force.
   • Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2007-2012):
     • Emphasis on “Inclusive Growth” and social sector improvements.
     • Challenges in achieving targets due to fiscal constraints, inflation, and infrastructure needs.
     • Mid-term appraisal covering performance in agriculture, power, urbanization, and tribal development.
   • Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2012-2017):
     • Theme of “Faster, Sustainable, and More Inclusive Growth.”
     • Targets for growth rate, agriculture, energy, health, and education.
     • Emphasis on energy management, land acquisition, water management, infrastructure, and governance.
3. Special Programs and Schemes:
   • Twenty-Point Programme (TPP-1986 and TPP-2006):
     • Focus on poverty alleviation, rural employment, health, education, and environment.
     • Restructuring of the program to align with economic reforms and the National Common Minimum Programme (NCMP).
   • Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS):
     • Initiation, allocation changes, and revised guidelines for asset creation, disaster relief, and local development.
4. Multi-Level Planning in India:
   • Evolution of multi-level planning: Central, State, District, Block, and Local Level.
   • Issues with implementation and the importance of decentralization and local participation.
   • 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments for democratic decentralization and participatory development.
5. Way to Decentralized Planning:
   • Challenges of central versus decentralized planning.
   • Importance of empowering Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and local bodies.
6. The Planning Commission and Finance Commission:
   • Role of the Planning Commission in the Five-Year Plans and developmental programs.
   • Overview of the Finance Commission’s role in revenue distribution between the Union and the States.

(Report this question)

You've reached the last question. Do you want to submit the exam or continue reviewing?