Geography (Land Resources and Agriculture)
This Exam Covers the Following Topics
- Land Use Categories
- Forests
- Barren and Wastelands
- Land under Non-Agricultural Uses (Settlements, Infrastructure, etc.)
- Permanent Pastures and Grazing Lands
- Miscellaneous Tree Crops and Groves
- Culturable Wasteland
- Current Fallow
- Fallow other than Current Fallow
- Net Sown Area
- Cropping Seasons in India
- Kharif Season (June-September)
- Rabi Season (October-March)
- Zaid Season (April-June)
- Types of Farming
- Irrigated Farming
- Protective Irrigation
- Productive Irrigation
- Rainfed Farming
- Dryland Farming
- Wetland Farming
- Irrigated Farming
- Major Crops in India
- Foodgrains
- Cereals (Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Ragi)
- Pulses (Gram, Tur/Arhar)
- Oilseeds
- Groundnut, Rapeseed and Mustard, Soyabean, Sunflower
- Fibre Crops
- Cotton, Jute
- Cash Crops
- Sugarcane, Tea, Coffee
- Foodgrains
- Environmental Problems of Land Resources
- Degradation of Cultivable Land (Salinization, Waterlogging, Alkalization)
- Soil Erosion (Water and Wind Erosion)
- Impact of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides on Soil Health
- Deforestation and Land Degradation
- Agricultural Development in India
- Growth of Agricultural Output
- Impact of the Green Revolution
- Introduction of High-Yielding Varieties (HYVs)
- Diffusion of Modern Agricultural Technology
- Expansion of Irrigation
- Policies like Intensive Agricultural District Programme (IADP) and Intensive Agricultural Area Programme (IAAP)
- National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
- Problems of Indian Agriculture
- Dependence on Erratic Monsoon
- Low Productivity of Crops
- Constraints of Financial Resources and Indebtedness
- Lack of Land Reforms
- Small Farm Size and Fragmentation of Landholdings
- Lack of Commercialization in Agriculture
- Vast Underemployment in Agriculture
- Common Property Resources (CPRs)
- Role of CPRs in Rural Livelihood
- Importance of CPRs for Marginal Farmers and Weaker Sections
- Technological Improvements in Agriculture
- Role of Modern Agricultural Machinery
- Use of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides
- Technological Impact on Agricultural Productivity
- Agricultural Policy and Government Initiatives
- Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
- Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
- Agro-Climatic Planning and Development
- Farmer’s Portal of India (Agricultural Information Platform)
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