This Exam Covers the Following Topics

1. Human-Environmental Interactions in the Amazon Basin:
   • Geography and climate of the Amazon Basin.
   • Rainforest ecosystem (flora and fauna).
   • Human adaptations and lifestyle in the Amazon Basin.
   • Slash and burn agriculture in the Amazon.
   • Impact of deforestation and environmental degradation in the Amazon.
   • Wildlife species in the Amazon, including birds, reptiles, and fish (e.g., anacondas, toucans, piranhas).
   • Trans-Amazon Highway and its impact on human accessibility and environmental degradation.
2. Human-Environmental Interactions in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin:
   • Geography and topography of the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin.
   • Climate and monsoon dependency.
   • Agriculture in the plains (e.g., paddy, wheat) and terrace farming in mountainous areas.
   • Population distribution in the basin.
   • Major cities along the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers.
   • Environmental challenges such as deforestation, soil erosion, and river pollution.
   • Wildlife in the basin (e.g., Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinoceros, elephants).
   • Importance of waterways, ports, and tourism in the region.
3. Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts:
   • Deforestation’s effect on biodiversity and climate change.
   • Population pressure and urbanization in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin.
   • Indigenous practices vs. modern agricultural developments.
   • Economic development vs. environmental conservation, particularly in the context of infrastructure projects like the Trans-Amazon highway.

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