1. Maharashtra and Gujarat (Article 371) 2. Nagaland (Article 371-A) 3. Assam (Article 371-B) 4. Manipur (Article 371-C) 5. Andhra Pradesh and Telangana (Articles 371-D and 371-E) 6. Sikkim (Article 371-F) 7. Mizoram (Article 371-G) 8. Arunachal Pradesh (Article 371-H) 9. Goa (Article 371-I) 10. Karnataka (Hyderabad-Karnataka Region) (Article 371-J)
1. Introduction to Judicial Activism 2. Meaning of Judicial Activism 3. Aspects of Judicial Activism in India 4. Judicial Review and Judicial Activism 5. Justification of Judicial Activism 6. Activators of Judicial Activism 7. Apprehensions of Judicial Activism 8. Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint 9. Supreme Court Observations on Judicial Restraint
1. Origins and Development of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) 2. Meaning and Purpose of PIL 3. Features of PIL 4. Scope of PIL 5. Principles Guiding PIL 6. Guidelines for Admitting PIL 7. Supreme Court’s Stand on PIL
I. Constitutional Provisions Governing Subordinate Courts II. Structure and Jurisdiction of Subordinate Courts The organizational structure and jurisdiction of subordinate courts are determined by each state, which can result in slight variations. Generally, the structure includes three primary levels in both civil and criminal courts below the high court: A. Civil Court Hierarchy B. Criminal
1. Introduction to Tribunals 2. Administrative Tribunals (Article 323A) 3. Tribunals for Other Matters (Article 323B) Scope: Allows for the establishment of tribunals in areas beyond public service, covering a wide range of topics, including: Taxation Foreign Exchange and Trade Labor and Industrial Relations Land Reforms and Urban Property Election Disputes Foodstuffs and Essential Commodities
1. Overview of High Courts in India Historical Background: Constitutional Framework: Jurisdiction and Territorial Limits: 2. Composition and Appointment Appointment of Judges: Collegium System and NJAC: Qualifications, Oath, and Salaries: 3. Tenure, Removal, and Transfer of Judges Tenure of Judges: Removal Procedures: Transfer of Judges: 4. Independence of High Courts Safeguards for Judicial Independence: Security
1. Overview of the Indian Judicial System 2. Composition and Appointment of Judges 3. Qualifications, Oath, and Salaries 4. Tenure and Removal of Judges 5. Ad Hoc, Acting, and Retired Judges 6. Jurisdiction and Powers of the Supreme Court 7. Independence of the Supreme Court 8. Comparative Study: Indian and U.S. Supreme Courts 9. Constitutional
1. Composition of State Legislatures 2. Legislative Procedures 3. Role of the Governor 4. Disqualification of Members
I. Introduction to Parliament II. Organization of Parliament III. Composition of the Two Houses IV. System of Elections to the Lok Sabha V. Duration of the Two Houses VI. Membership of Parliament
Topic 1: Overview of Cabinet Committees Key Points: Explanation: Example: Topic 2: Types of Cabinet Committees Key Points: Explanation: Example: Topic 3: Formation and Composition Key Points: Explanation: Example: Topic 4: Key Cabinet Committees Key Points: Explanation: Example: Topic 5: Functions of Cabinet Committees Key Points: Explanation: Example: Topic 6: Groups of Ministers (GoMs) Key
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