This Exam Covers the Following Topics

1. Geomorphic Processes:
   • Interaction between exogenic and endogenic forces
   • Types of geomorphic agents (e.g., wind, water, glaciers)
   • Gradation (degradation and aggradation)
   • Dynamic equilibrium between forces shaping Earth’s surface
   • Tectonic activity and its influence on landforms
2. Endogenic Processes:
   • Diastrophism (e.g., orogeny and epeirogeny)
   • Volcanism and tectonic activity
   • Role of geothermal energy in shaping landforms
   • Uplift and crustal movements
3. Exogenic Processes:
   • Erosion and deposition
   • Weathering (chemical, physical, and biological)
   • Wind, water, glaciers as geomorphic agents
   • Transportation and deposition of materials
   • Landforms created by erosion (e.g., valleys, dunes, deltas)
   • Mass wasting processes (e.g., landslides, creep, slumping)
4. Weathering:
   • Chemical weathering (hydration, oxidation, carbonation)
   • Physical weathering (frost action, thermal expansion, exfoliation)
   • Biological weathering (root wedging, burrowing organisms)
   • Factors influencing the rate of weathering
5. Mass Movements:
   • Creep, rock falls, landslides, debris avalanches, solifluction
   • Factors contributing to mass movements (e.g., heavy rainfall, vegetation)
   • Influence of climate and tectonics on mass movements
6. Soil Formation:
   • Factors affecting soil formation (parent material, topography, climate, biological activity, time)
   • Processes like eluviation, leaching, infiltration
   • Influence of weathering on soil profiles
   • Role of vegetation and organic matter in soil development
7. Karst Topography:
   • Carbonation and the formation of karst landscapes
   • Development of caves, sinkholes, and other karst features
8. Human Impact on Geomorphic Processes:
   • Effects of deforestation, construction, and agriculture on geomorphic processes
   • Accelerated erosion and mass movements due to human activity
9. Climatic Influences on Geomorphic Processes:
   • Impact of polar, temperate, and tropical climates on weathering, erosion, and deposition
   • Role of glaciers, wind, and running water in different climatic regions
10. Landforms and Landscape Evolution:
    • Formation of U-shaped and V-shaped valleys
    • Alluvial fans, deltas, and floodplains
    • Cirques, moraines, and glacial landforms

(Report this question)

You've reached the last question. Do you want to submit the exam or continue reviewing?